Showing posts with label Placebo Effect. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Placebo Effect. Show all posts

Sep 9, 2021

CultNEWS101 Articles: 9/7/2021 (Chad Daybell, Legal, National Socialist Movement, Placebo Effect, Mormon Vaccine Push)

Chad Daybell, Legal, National Socialist Movement, Placebo Effect, Mormon Vaccine Push

CBS News: Chad Daybell's children reveal authorities told them their mother was asphyxiated
" ... Chad Daybell's children sat down together for their first interview with "48 Hours" contributor Jonathan Vigliotti to correct what they believe are misconceptions about their mother's death. The broadcast, "The Secrets of Chad Daybell's Backyard," airs Wednesday, September 1 at 10/9c on CBS and Paramount.

The Daybell children say when the coroner arrived that day, she told them it appeared their mother had died of natural causes. The children, who say their mother was in failing health, accepted that explanation. And they say it was they, not their father, who declined to have an autopsy performed.

"The narrative is that he was going, 'No, no, no autopsy.' But he was standing there — in complete shock, traumatized, letting us make the decision," says Chad Daybell's daughter, Emma Murray. "If he was trying to hide something, you — I wouldn't leave something like that up to my kids if I was trying to hide something."

Based on the family's wishes, no autopsy was performed. However, things changed when Chad Daybell came under the police's radar following his subsequent quick marriage to Lori Vallow and the disappearance of her children Tylee Ryan and JJ Vallow. Investigators theorized that Chad may have wanted to get Tammy out of the way to start a new life with Lori, and collect on a life insurance policy on Tammy.

In December 2019, the Fremont County Sheriff's Office began calling Tammy Daybell's death suspicious. Her body was exhumed, and an autopsy was performed. The results have not been publicly released, but Garth Daybell says authorities told him how they believe his mother died.

"They told me that she'd been asphyxiated ... but we never saw an autopsy," he said.

"Asphyxiation doesn't necessarily mean smothered," added Mark Daybell. "According to my understanding, it just means the breath was interrupted. And in the end, she wasn't able to breathe. And according to that, there's more facts we need. We don't just say, 'Oh, well, bye, Chad.' No there's still love, there's still connection."

The Daybell children say authorities have been less than forthcoming with them. "They've told us things before that turned out to not be true," said Garth Daybell.

In May 2021, investigators charged Chad Daybell with first-degree murder of Tammy Daybell. Chad is also charged, along with his new wife Lori Vallow, of murdering her two children, JJ, 7, and Tylee Ryan, 16. Vallow has not yet entered a plea and the case against her has been suspended after a finding of mental incompetence. Chad Daybell pleaded not guilty to the charges and is in jail awaiting trial.

Meanwhile, his five children remain steadfast in their belief that their father had nothing to do with the death of their mother or the murders of JJ and Tylee, feeling there has been a rush to judgement."

Forbes: Neo-Nazi Group Appears To Register With FEC
"A group calling itself the National Socialist Movement registered as a national committee party with the Federal Election Commission on Aug. 8. The NSM is a long-standing neo-Nazi group that's down to one or two dozen members, according to the Anti-Defamation League.

[In] its filing, the NSM listed its bank as BB&T. Citing client privacy, a spokesperson for BB&T's parent company, Truist, declined to confirm or deny if the NSM was an account holder. "What I can tell you is that at Truist, we reject hate and discrimination in all their ugly forms," the spokesperson said in a statement. "Our purpose to inspire and build better lives and communities motivates us to help build a stronger, more equitable company and society."

Four days after receiving the NSM's registration, the FEC informed the NSM it would need to prove it meets the criteria for national-party status. The NSM's response is due by Sept. 16."

Harvard Health: The power of the placebo effect
Treating yourself with your mind is possible, but there is more to the placebo effect  than positive thinking.

"Your mind can be a powerful healing tool when given the chance. The idea that your brain can convince your body a fake treatment is the real thing — the so-called placebo effect — and thus stimulate healing has been around for millennia. Now science has found that under the right circumstances, a placebo can be just as effective as traditional treatments.

"The placebo effect is more than positive thinking — believing a treatment or procedure will work. It's about creating a stronger connection between the brain and body and how they work together," says Professor Ted Kaptchuk of Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, whose research focuses on the placebo effect.

Placebos won't lower your cholesterol or shrink a tumor. Instead, placebos work on symptoms modulated by the brain, like the perception of pain. "Placebos may make you feel better, but they will not cure you," says Kaptchuk. "They have been shown to be most effective for conditions like pain management, stress-related insomnia, and cancer treatment side effects like fatigue and nausea."

Does the placebo effect mean failure or success?
For years, a placebo effect was considered a sign of failure. A placebo is used in clinical trials to test the effectiveness of treatments and is most often used in drug studies. For instance, people in one group get the tested drug, while the others receive a fake drug, or placebo, that they think is the real thing. This way, the researchers can measure if the drug works by comparing how both groups react. If they both have the same reaction — improvement or not — the drug is deemed not to work."

Church leaders recently issued their strongest statement yet urging people to "limit the spread" by getting COVID-19 vaccines and wearing masks

" ... Members of the faith widely known as the Mormon church remain deeply divided on vaccines and mask-wearing despite consistent guidance from church leaders as the highly contagious delta variant of the coronavirus spreads.

About 65% of Latter-day Saints who responded to a recent survey said they were vaccine acceptors, meaning they've gotten at least one dose or plan to soon. Another 15% identified as hesitant, and 19% said they would not get the vaccine, according to the survey this summer from the Public Religion Research Institute, a polling organization based in Washington, and Interfaith Youth Core.

The survey found 79% of white Catholics and 56% of white Evangelical Protestants identified as vaccine acceptors."


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Oct 24, 2017

The Right Chemistry: Placebos, persuasion and all that voodoo

voodoo dolls
So I visited New Orleans and bought a voodoo doll. Can it actually do harm?

JOE SCHWARCZ

MONTREAL GAZETTE
October 20, 2017

Bourbon Street in New Orleans features a number of shops selling voodoo dolls.

“Why is that one more expensive than these others,” I asked, pointing at one on the shelf behind the counter.

“Because that one is not just a souvenir — it is real,” came the answer.

Of course, I had to have that one.

The instructions were simple enough. To torment someone, you just have to acquire a piece of fingernail or a strand of hair from the intended victim and place it on the doll before sticking pins into it.

“Is that all?” I asked.

“Well, it helps,” I was told, “if the person knows you intend to inflict harm.”

That argument I can buy, because what we then have is a classic example of the “nocebo effect.”

The term “nocebo” comes from the Latin meaning “I will harm” and can be regarded as the famous placebo’s evil twin.

A placebo produces health benefits in spite of having no plausible scientific merit, while the nocebo effect occurs when something that rationally should have no effect causes real symptoms. “Think sick and be sick” would be an appropriate description.

A study back in 1987 in which patients with unstable angina were treated with aspirin to reduce the risk of a heart attack represents a classic example. Some of the subjects were told that aspirin can cause gastrointestinal side effects, others were not. Six times as many patients withdrew from the study citing gastrointestinal effects in the group that had been told of the possibility of side effects than in the group that had not been so informed. There was no objective evidence such as peptic ulcer or gastrointestinal bleeding in the case of subjects who abandoned the study. Their subjective symptoms, which were very real, were generated by the mind. The nocebo effect in action.

There are numerous other examples. After reading accounts of radiation poisoning following the 2011 Fukushima accident in Japan, people as far away as the U.S. reported experiencing symptoms despite there being no possibility of exposure to radiation from the accident.

The nocebo effect can also be noted in cases of “mobile phone headache syndrome,” a condition in which people claim to suffer from headaches when they are exposed to radio frequencies generated by the device, often triggered by media accounts that raise the spectre of harm. However, when 17 individuals who claimed to be affected took part in a double-blind, randomized trial using sham or actual radio frequencies, no difference was found in reported instances of headache or other discomfort.

There are also some fascinating individual case reports. Take, for example, the man who was involved in a trial of a new antidepressant drug. He had a fight with his girlfriend and decided to end it all by taking all the pills in the bottle he had been given. Soon he started to feel ill, regretted his decision, and asked a neighbour to take him to the hospital where he duly collapsed. All tests came back negative, but the feeling of being unwell persisted. When doctors contacted the organizers of the study, it turned out that their patient had been in the placebo arm of the trial and had tried to kill himself with sugar pills. When informed of this, the man made a rapid recovery.

Now back to my voodoo doll. Can it actually do harm?

In 1942 Dr. Walter Cannon coined the term “voodoo death” to describe demise brought on by a strong emotional shock such as fear. He described a number of cases, albeit anecdotal, in which death occurred as a result of a belief that a curse had been imparted.

When the salesperson noted that I was somewhat skeptical about the evil powers of the doll, she quickly assured me that it can also be used for good. Stroking the doll, she explained, can trigger affection from a person whose picture is placed under the doll. I don’t think I would place too much faith in that, but I do think that a voodoo doll can cause mischief for people who believe in such things. The link between body and mind is indeed a fascinating one.

That relationship is exactly what we will explore further in this year’s “Trottier Public Science Symposium.” On Monday, Oct. 23 at 7 p.m., we will hear from CTV health journalist Dr. Marla Shapiro and McGill placebo expert Dr. Amir Raz. On Oct. 24, also at 7 p.m., our speaker will be Dr. “Patch” Adams, who was portrayed by Robin Williams in a movie about his exploits. He will explore the value of laughter as therapy.

The location is the Centre Mont Royal, 1000 Sherbrooke St. W., corner Mansfield St. The event is free and, of course, everyone is welcome.

joe.schwarcz@mcgill.ca
Joe Schwarcz is director of McGill University’s Office for Science & Society (mcgill.ca/oss). He hosts The Dr. Joe Show on CJAD Radio 800 AM every Sunday from 3 to 4 p.m.

http://montrealgazette.com/opinion/columnists/the-right-chemistry-placebos-persuasion-and-all-that-voodoo

Nov 30, 2016

CultNEWS101 Articles: 12/1/2016



#Mindfulness

"Some of the studies did show that mindfulness meditation or other similar exercises might bring some small benefits to people in comparison with doing nothing, when they are compared with pretty much any general relaxation technique at all, including exercise, muscle relaxation, “listening to spiritual audiotapes” or indeed any control condition that gives equal time and attention to the person, they perform no better, and in many cases, worse."

For more than a year Nicola Benyahia has hidden the truth about her son’s secret life and death.


​
Sometime in the middle of 2012, a friend of Neil Prakash asked the young Australian if he was religious.

"I'm a Buddhist," said Prakash, "but I believe there is a god, a deity".

"You are not a Buddhist then," replied the friend, "you are confused".

The simple exchange marked the beginning of a journey, literal and spiritual, that took Prakash from Neil Prakash, Buddhist and sometime wannabe rapper, to became Abu Khaled al-Cambodi, dedicated jihadist and top IS recruiter.



There already has been a war of words over this docu-series. The Church of Scientology says Remini, an ex-Scientologist, is a has-been actress who needs to quit “exploiting” her former religion. Remini says she'll stop talking about the Church when it stops “f------ with people's lives.” No compromises here.


"Father Walshe came under fire last year after he testified on behalf of Cardinal George Pell at the sexual abuse royal commission, which was investigating claims then Bishop Pell tried to buy the silence of a victim of notorious paedophile Gerald Ridsdale in 1993.

The appearance prompted a former student priest, John Roach, to reveal he was sexually abused by Father Walshe in 1982."

"In recent years there has been a growing interest in alternative medicines, many of which employ mental or spiritual powers to heal the body. Now research into the biochemistry of placebos is showing that these remedies are not as wacky as they sound and that we are, indeed, capable of curing ourselves."

Learn about the history and social impact of world religions through their scriptures with experts representing several of the world’s religious traditions.

Modules in this series include:

Christianity Through Its Scriptures
Buddhism Through Its Scriptures
Islam Through Its Scriptures
Hinduism Through Its Scriptures
Judaism Through Its Scriptures
Religious Literacy: Traditions and Scriptures

"Toronto resident Jason Pippin, 39, has been helping de-radicalize extremists but is now being deported from Canada over his past at a training camp in Pakistan."



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Nov 9, 2014

Do All Cults, Like All Psychotherapies, Exploit the Placebo Effect?

By John Horgan
March 4, 2013
Scientific American

I’m a child of the Sixties, so I’ve known lots of people over the years who’ve joined cults. One of the most popular was Transcendental Meditation, which the Indian-born guru Maharishi Mahesh Yogi began marketing to westerners, notably the Beatles, a half century ago. TM is making a comeback, in large part because of the efforts of David Lynch, director of Eraser Head, Blue Velvet, Twin Peaks and other creepy classics. Over the past eight years he has become a global evangelist for TM. According to a recent New York Times Magazine profile, Lynch believes that TM can yield “true inner happiness.”

I have no doubt that for Lynch and many other practitioners, TM works; that is, it makes them feel better. “Better” can include anything from feeling calmer and less stressed to having a stronger sense of purpose, meaning and connection to other people and all of life.

Of course, by this criterion Scientology, Catholicism, Mormonism, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism, the Hare Krishna movement, Unification Church and every other cult works. (Some readers may prefer the term “religion” for some of these institutions, but I view religions as cults that have achieved respectability, in some cases by abandoning extreme tenets.) After all, numerous studies have found a correlation between health and religious faith.

The question is, why do cults work? Why do they make adherents feel better? The obvious (to me) answer is that they harness the placebo effect, the tendency of our belief that something will benefit us to be self-fulfilling. Cults share many elements that seem designed to evoke potent placebo effects:

*Specialness. Each cult usually insists on its uniqueness and superiority to all rivals. It offers not just a path to knowledge and happiness but The Path. The cult holds out the hope that diligent adherents can achieve special states of being, called salvation, enlightenment, getting clear, etc. Followers are often encouraged to persuade others to convert.

*Supernatural Founder. Each cult insists that its founder—and sometimes its current leader–possesses revelatory knowledge and powers beyond those of ordinary mortals. This prophet, savior or guru is said to be infallible, enlightened, chosen by God, semi-divine or divine. Examples: Moses, Buddha, Jesus, Mohammed, Joseph Smith, L. Ron Hubbard, Reverend Moon, the Dalai Lama, the Pope, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.

*Rituals. Adherence to the cult often entails ritualized practices such as meditation, yoga, prayer, signing hymns to God, attending regular group services and so on.

*Secrecy. Some cults bind adherents together with secret knowledge. When I lived in Denver in the 1970s, I had friends who joined a cult called Divine Light Mission, which taught members meditation techniques that they could not reveal to outsiders. Each TM practitioner is also given a unique, secret mantra to repeat during meditation. I once pestered two friends who had learned TM to reveal their secret mantras. One finally told me, and the other blurted out in dismay that he had been given the same mantra.

*Money. We value what we pay for, so not surprisingly religions ask devotees to donate or tithe, and some, such as Scientology and TM, charge for spiritual training. Learning basic TM costs $1000, and advanced courses cost much more. In 2002, Lynch paid $1 million for an “Enlightenment Course” taught by Maharishi Yogi himself (who didn’t even teach in the flesh!). Sigmund Freud, who was no fool, insisted that payments were a crucial component of psychoanalysis. It’s a win-win situation for therapist and patient, guru and devotee.

Speaking of Freud and psychoanalysis, I’ve written about how different psychotherapies all produce roughly the same benefits, or lack thereof, an equivalence that has been dubbed “the Dodo effect.” The term refers to an Alice in Wonderland scene in which a dodo bird, after watching Alice and other characters run a race, announces, “Everyone has won, and all must have prizes!” The Dodo effect is consistent with the hypothesis that all psychotherapies harness the placebo effect. My guess is that the dodo effect applies to all cults as well as to all psychotherapies.

Cults and psychotherapies are hardly alone in exploiting the placebo effect. In his new book The Placebo Effect in Clinical Practice, psychiatrist Walter Brown of Brown University writes that “the history of medical treatment is largely a chronicle of placebos. When subjected to scientific scrutiny, the overwhelming majority of treatments have turned out to be devoid of intrinsic therapeutic effectiveness; they derived their benefits from the placebo effect.”

So here’s another question: What happens if you just practice one of a cult’s rituals—singing in a church choir, say, or eating peyote–without buying into all the claptrap about its supernatural specialness?

Journalist Claire Hoffman, who wrote the Times Lynch profile, apparently falls into this category. She learned TM as a child and still meditates twice a day “to deal with anxiety and fatigue and to stave off occasional despair.” But she doesn’t buy Lynch’s claim that if we all embrace TM it will “change everything, for everyone.” She calls her practice “something very simple, like doing yoga or avoiding dairy.”

Hoffman might get much stronger placebo effects if she had as much faith in TM as Lynch. The more you believe in the uniquely transformative power of your cult, the more you get out of it. The only price you have to pay is your rationality.